Drupal Coding Standards

Last updated December 16, 2021

The Drupal community has defined a set of coding standards and best practices that you should adhere to whenever you're writing code for Drupal. These standards provide a set of rules for how your code should be formatted, and best practice guidelines for naming conventions and the location of files. This ensures consistency in code throughout the project and makes it easy for developers to move around from one sub-section to another without having to re-learn how to read the code.

Example tasks

Know where to find formatting standards for PHP, CSS, JavaScript and HTML in Drupal
Automate coding standards compliance for code
Properly use the t() function to make strings translatable in code

Confidence

This is a well-defined area that does not tend to change quickly or dramatically. Resources labeled for Drupal 8 should apply to Drupal 9.

Drupalize.Me resources

Coding Standards in Drupal

Theming, Module Development, Drupal 9, Drupal 8, Drupal 7

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Standardize Your JavaScript with ESLint

Theming, Drupal 8, Drupal 9

More information

ESLint is the linting tool of choice for JavaScript in Drupal. In this tutorial we'll show how to install the ESLint application and then use it to verify that your JavaScript files are meeting the Drupal coding standards.

Drupal (as of version 8.4) has adopted the Airbnb JavaScript coding standards. In this tutorial, we'll walk through how to install the necessary package dependencies to run eslint on JavaScript files within your Drupal site.

Goal

Install the ESLint application to verify your custom JavaScript files are meeting the Drupal coding standards.

External resources

Official community coding standards (drupal.org)
- This is the official, canonical source for community coding standards and should be a regular reference.
Coder Sniffer module documentation (drupal.org)
- Learn how to install and use Coder Sniffer to automatically check your code for standards compliance. Works as a standalone command or in conjunction with many IDEs.
PhpStorm Coder and PHP CodeSniffer integration (jetbrains.com)
- Learn how to configure PhpStorm to help you comply with Drupal coding standards.
Configuring Sublime Text (drupal.org)
- Learn how to configure Sublime Text to help you comply with Drupal coding standards.
DrupalCon Baltimore 2017: Code Standards: It's Okay to be Yourself (youtube.com)
- Presentation covering both the coding standards, and why adhering to them is a good idea.